Possesion with Particle 의 [ui].

it really is his.. 정말

Possession with Particle 의 [ui].

You know how we use 's in english to refer possession of something.. well this usage is quite similar to particle 의 [ui] in hangul.

There are 3 different ways to make a possesive construction:-
a) NOUN의 NOUN
For example
크리스의 선생 {chris's teacher}

b) NOUN NOUN
For example
선생님 와인 {teacher's wine}

c) NOUN[squeeze!] NOUN

In (c) case, the first alphabet of the 2nd NOUN will be 'squeeze' or doubled in pronounciation.
This will only apply to ㅂ, ㄷ, ㅈ, ㄱ and ㅅ.

For example :-
선생님 것 [껏 in pronounciation].

Korean sentences do not usually ends with possesive phrases.
For example
That whiskey is the teacher's.

그것은 선생님의 위스키예요.
[geugeos-eun seonsaengnim-ui wiseuki-yeyo]
This literally means : that thing is the teacher's whiskey.

or it can be

그 위스키는 선생님의 것이에요.
[geu wiseuki-neun seonsaengnim-ui geos-ieyo].
still with the same meaning.
but this one literally means : that whiskey is the teacher's thing.

Other examples....
1. Is this house Yongjin's?
이 집은 영진씨(의) 집이에요?
[i jib-eun Yongjin-ssi(ui) Jib-ieyo?]
이 = this.
집 = house.

2. whose newspaper is that? It's mine.
저 신문이 누구(의) 신문이에요? 제 신문이에요.
[Jeo sinmun-i nugu-ui sinmun-ieyo? Je sinmun-ieyo.]
저= that.
신문 = newspaper. With subject particle 이. Read 'subject particle' entries to learn more about it.
누구 = whose/who
제 = mine.

3. whose cigarrettes are those? They're mine.
저 담배가 어느 분(의) 것이에요? 제 것이에요.
[Jeo dambae-ga eonue bun(ui) geot-ieyo? Je geot-ieyo.]
담배 = cigarrettes.
어느 분 = whose. But 어느 can also mean 'which'.분 means 'person' in a formal term.


4. whose cat is that? That cat is Mr Kim's.
저 고양이가 어느 분(의) 고양이에요? 저 고양이는 김 선생님(의) 고양이에요.
고양이 = Cat.

I'm not gonna write down the romanization for the last one.. you should be able to read hangul by now so I trust you to figure it out. ;) cheers!!

Sentence Subject (이 ~가) & Topic (는 ~은)

In this entry we will learn about sentence subject and topic. In order to understand a sentence or to build a sentence we 1st need to understand how to use the subject particle (이 ~가) and topic particle (는 ~은).

Fist we need to keep in mind...
*when it is 1st time a subject is mentioned or when it is a new info
thus we attach 이/가 (-i/-ga) to it.

*When it is an old info or a repeated subject, thus we attach 는/은 (-neun/-eun)
to it.

For example.
A. 이것이 무엇이에요? [igeos-i mueos-ieyo?] {what's this?}
B. 그것은 우산이에요. [geugeos-eun usan-ieyo] {That's an umbrella}

이것[igeos] = the front part 이[i-] means 'this' and the other part
것 [geos/geot] means 'thing'. So when its 그것 [geugeot] it means 'that thing'
since 그[geu-] means 'that'.
무엇 = what.
우산 = umbrella.

You can create topics from any element (except verb) by pulling the element out of
place and saying it first (은~는 attached).

For example
"That student is studying Korean at school now"

A."That student은/는 is studying korean at school now."
-this sentence focus on 'What about that student'. New info is the nature of activity,
not who is doing it.

B."Now은/는 that student is studying Korean at school."
-this sentence is to mention 'what is happening NOW'.

C."At school은/는 that student is now studying korean."
-this sentence is to mention 'whats going on at school'.

Particle 도 [too, also, even].

안녕하세요!!..

In this entry we will be learning the usage of particle 도, which means too, also and even.

도 put emphasis on the word before it, with reference to something earlier in the context.

For example:
1. That pop singer is a korean too.
그 가수도 한국사람이에요. [geu kasu-do hanguk saram-ieyo]
그[geu] = that
가수도 [kasu-do] = 'kasu' means singer and 'do' particle means too.
한국사람 [hanguksaram]= korean. 'hanguk' means korea and 'saram' means person or people. so if we attach the two it means korea. you can look thru the older entries to learn more on this.


2. Mr Kim is a doctor too.
김 선생님도 의사예요. [ Kim Soensaegnim-do uisa-yeyo]
선생님 = teacher or Mr.
의사 = doctor.

note : the '-ieyo' and '-yeyo' particle are called the copula, you can click to learn more about it.

In negative sentence, English use 'either' but in korean 도 still does all the work.

For example.
1. This is a korean product. That is a korean product too.
이것은 한국 제품이에요. 저것도 한국 제품이에요. [igeos-eun hanguk jepum-ieyo. jeogeot-do hanguk jepum-ieyo]'

이것은 = means 'this'. with topic particle '-eun' points that 'this' is the topic of the sentence.
제품 = product.

Preposition

Nooooo....I'm not talking about this 'position'...LOL

안녕하세요!!..
To say 'where something' in English we simply place the preposition (positional word) in the middle of two objects.

For example:
“The pen is ON the table”

In Korean the preposition comes AFTER the two objects and the order is..
“pen (as for) table on is”.

Well, its sound a bit confusing when you read it like that but it will sound more comfortable in hangul.

Notice as well that you need to use a small particle, 에 –e, after the preposition on, in etc to show that you are talking about a place.

So lets learn a few keywords before we proceed with creating sentences..

Keywords
In = 안
On (top of)/Above = 위
Under = 밑
In front of = 앞
Behind = 뒤
Next to = 옆

텔레비전은 탁자 위에 있어요. [tellebijeon-eun takja wi-e isseoyo]. {The television is on the table}.

텔레비전은 = television with subject particle –eun (as for). See ‘subject particle’ post to learn more.
탁자 = table
위에 = on/above with particle –e.
있어요 = have/is.

Here are a few more key words to help you create more sentences. Practice with it and I’m sure it will be easier for you to memorize what you’ve learn.

Chair = 의자
Bed = 침대
Book = 책
Telephone = 전화
Bag = 가방
Computer = 컴퓨터
Door =문
Window = 창문
Picture =그림
Cat = 고양이
Dog = 개
Mouse = 쥐
House = 집
Tree = 나무
Refrigerator = 냉장고
Car = 차

See if you can understand these sentences… Good Luck ;)

개는 차 안에 있어요. 나무는 집 옆에 있어요.

Subject Particle?

안녕하세요!!..


Have you been revising the past lesson?..if yes then thats good... I've been revising my self too.. since im not THAT good in Hangul.. I'm still new in this language, so if i said anything wrong or thought you something wrong, please do tell...

if you havent been revising then... THE TURTLE IS DISAPPOINTED.LOL

ANYWAY....

What are “subject particles”? ..Besides being the title of the entry for today..

Well, ‘subject particles’ are placed directly after the subject of a sentence or question and roughly translate as “as for”. There are 4 subject particles, 2 used for word ending in vowels and 2 for word ending in consonants.

Meet… -은 [-eun] , - 는[-neun] , -이[-i], -가 [-ga].

-이 and –가 are “neutral” subject particles while –은 and –는 are “emphatic” subject particle.

Okay, let me give a simple example to understand this better.
1. 잡지는 탁자 외에 있어요. [japji-neun takja wi-e isseoyo]. {The magazine is on the table}

2. 잡지가 탁자 외에 있어요. [japji-ga takja wi-e isseoyo]. {There is a magazine on the table}

갑기 = magazine
탁자 = table
외에 = on/above
있어요 = have/is

All the words are the same in these two sentences except for the subject particles used –neun and –ga. Since “Japji” [magazine] ends with a vowel, we use subject particles –neun or –ga.
Although there is only a slight difference between these two sentences but the meaning is totally different because of the use of the subject particle. In the first sentence, the subject is emphasized with the use of –neun while in the second sentence the subject is no longer emphasized.

Note : you can use the same sentence to make it in the form of question just by simply raise the intonation at the end.